He will end by destroying the earth. The onset of famine and a dysentery epidemic created fresh problems. On Good Friday of 1913, the couple set sail, at their own expense, from Bordeaux to Africa. His philosophy was expressed in many ways, but most famously in founding and sustaining the Hpital Albert Schweitzer in Lambarn, French Equatorial Africa (now Gabon). Ludwig Philipp Albert Schweitzer OM (German: [albt vats] (); 14 January 1875 - 4 September 1965) was an Alsatian polymath.He was a theologian, organist, musicologist, writer, humanitarian, philosopher, and physician. As he said at age 40, he "was not going to speak or talk any longer." That same year he resigned his curateship and his posts at the university and married Helene Bresslau, the daughter of a well-known Strasbourg historian. January 24, 2023 Causes of Wrongful Conviction: False testimony, false confession, ineffective assistance of counsel ALBERT IAN SCHWEITZER On the afternoon of Christmas Eve, 1991, a young woman named Dana Ireland was struck by a vehicle while she was riding a bicycle down a red cinder road on the island of Hawai'i. Dr. Schweitzer became especially famous for giving benefit concerts and lectures in Europe as a means of fundraising for his hospital back in Africa. [16] From 1952 until his death he worked against nuclear tests and nuclear weapons with Albert Einstein, Otto Hahn and Bertrand Russell. People robbed native inhabitants of their land, made slaves of them, let loose the scum of mankind upon them. Albert Schweitzer, OM (14 January 1875 - 4 September 1965) was a French-German theologian, organist, writer, humanitarian, philosopher, and physician. [41] Primitive mysticism "has not yet risen to a conception of the universal, and is still confined to naive views of earthly and super-earthly, temporal and eternal". In the Preface to Civilization and Ethics (1923) he argued that Western philosophy from Descartes to Kant had set out to explain the objective world expecting that humanity would be found to have a special meaning within it. 9 Department of Cardiology and . Dr. Howard Markel writes a monthly column for the PBS NewsHour, highlighting the anniversary of a momentous event that continues to shape modern medicine. Lambarene, on the Ogooue River a few miles from the Equator, is in the steaming jungle. [18], The exposition of these ideas, encouraged by Widor and Munch, became Schweitzer's last task, and appeared in the masterly study J. S. Bach: Le Musicien-Pote, written in French and published in 1905. (78rpm Columbia ROX 146152), cf. Indeed, building was often In 1900, with the completion of his licentiate in theology, he was ordained as curate, and that year he witnessed the Oberammergau Passion Play. Today, the hospital On his trip to Europe, Schweitzer invariably made his headquarters at his home in Gunsbach, which was expanded until it was also a leave and rest center for the hospital staff. It resulted in a book, "Paul and It was a search that had haunted him, driven him, since childhood. He was twice nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor; the first nomination came in 1954 for his performance in Roman Holiday, and the second in 1973 for The Heartbreak Kid. Every man has to seek in his own way to realize his true worth. Pain is a more terrible lord of mankind than even death itself. Bartolf, Christian; Gericke, Marion; Miething, Dominique (2020): This page was last edited on 28 February 2023, at 08:10. . [90], The Albert Schweitzer Fellowship was founded in 1940 by Schweitzer to unite US supporters in filling the gap in support for his Hospital when his European supply lines were cut off by war, and continues to support the Lambarn Hospital today. No greater tribute to his abilities as a conqueror of jungle need He summarized it once by saying: "A man is ethical only when life, as such, is sacred to him, that of plants and animals as that of his fellow men, and when he devotes himself helpfully to all life that is in need of help. Gerson died in 1959, eulogized by long-time friend, Albert Schweitzer M.D. Similarly, in 1st Peter 1:20, "Christ, who verily was foreordained before the foundation of the world but was manifest in these last times for you", as well as "But the end of all things is at hand" (1 Peter 4:7) and "Surely, I come quickly." Schweitzer's arrival at this decision was calculated, a step in a quest for a faith to live by. about the religion of love, but only as an actual putting it into practice.". Schweitzer's book (and other writings as well) disputed the theory that human progress toward civilization was inevitable. He was theologian, musicologist, organ technician, physician and surgeon, missionary, philosopher of ethics, lecturer, writer and the builder and These included the cults of Attis, Osiris, and Mithras. Darstellung und Kritik[51] [The psychiatric evaluation of Jesus. be cited than the fact--regarded locally as something of a miracle--of his own survival.". Then, working as medical assistant and assistant-pastor in Strasbourg, he advanced his project on the philosophy of civilization, which had occupied his mind since 1900. Medical mistakes claim about 400,000 people every year in U.S. The name of Jesus has become a curse, and our Christianityyours and minehas become a falsehood and a disgrace, if the crimes are not atoned for in the very place where they were instigated. Albert Schweitzer. "They are appropriate, therefore, to any world for in every world they raise the man who dares to meet their challenge, and does not turn them and twist them into meaninglessness, above his world Turning to Bach's nonchurch music, Schweitzer said: "The Brandenburg concertos are the purest product of Bach's polyphonic style. All Rights Reserved. music. He returned to Lambarene in 1929 and remained for two years, establishing a pattern of work in Africa and sojourns in Europe during which he lectured, wrote and concertized to raise funds for his hospital. Attending the University of Strasbourg, he served as curate at St. Nicholas, gave over into experience.". With Faust himself he could join in saying: This sphere of earthly soil LAMBARENE, GABON, Sept. 5--Albert Schweitzer died last night in his jungle hospital here. It was to this picture-book Franco-German village and its vineyards that Schweitzer was invariably to return between periods 19th-century benevolence. Albert Schweitzer was born on January 14, 1875, in Kaysersberg, near Strasbourg, Elsass-Lothringen, Germany (now in Alsace, France). Albert Schweitzer (1875-1965) On March 21, 1913, theologian, organist, philosopher, physician, and medical missionary in Africa Albert Schweitzer together with his wife Helene start their voyage to Africa, to establish a hospital in Equatorial Africa. Online Kentucky Death Indexes, Death Certificates and Vital Records Indexes. On the other hand, the Hellenist "lives on the store of experience which he acquired in the initiation" and is not continually affected by a shared communal experience.[47]. Schweitzer also studied piano under Isidor Philipp, head of the piano department at the Paris Conservatory. His father, a Lutheran pastor, moved the family to a nearby town, Gunsbach, which was situated in the foothills the Vosges mountain range. If a record could be compiled of all that has happened between the white and the coloured races, it would make a book containing numbers of pages which the reader would have to turn over unread because their contents would be too horrible. . In July 1918, after being transferred to his home in Alsace, he was a free man again. "At the very moment when, at sunset, we were making our way through a herd of hippopotamuses, there flashed upon my mind, unforeseen and unsought, the phrase 'Reverence [4][5] He spent his childhood in Gunsbach, also in Alsace, where his father, the local Lutheran-Evangelical pastor of the EPCAAL, taught him how to play music. For years I had been giving myself out in words. He not only played throughout Europe, but he also repaired church organs and kept [18] He and Widor collaborated on a new edition of Bach's organ works, with detailed analysis of each work in three languages (English, French, German). This book, which established his reputation, was first published in English in 1910 as The Quest of the Historical Jesus. He also studied piano at that time with Marie Jall. The hospital suffered from squalor and was without modern amenities, and Schweitzer had little contact with the local people. At the age of 18 he entered the University of Until his death in 1965, Schweitzer continued to publish, lecture, perform and care for the sick. " Albert Schweitzer 31. sermons as well as to his scalpel, for he believed that the good shepherd saves not only the animal but also his soul. ", Called upon to be specific about Reverence for Life, he explained that the concept "does not allow the scholar to live for science alone, even if he is very useful to the community in so doing.". The on-axis microphone is often a large diaphragm condenser. The main hospital room and the Wikisource. "From whatever direction he is considered, Bach is, then, the last word in an artistic evolution which was prepared in the Middle Ages, freed and activated by the Reformation and arrives at its original contribution of Reverence for Life as an effective basis for a civilized world. ~ Albert Schweitzer. As a boy, Albert was frail in health but robust in intellect and talent. Franco-German yet cosmopolitan in culture, he drew deeply from the music and philosophy of the 18th century, especially Bach, Goethe and Kant. in 1913 with specialization qualifications in tropical medicine and surgery. It is a historical review of ethical thought leading to his own "Even if it's a little thing, do something for those who have need of a man's help, something for which you get no pay but the privilege of doing Additionally, Schweitzer explains how the experience of "being-in-Christ" is not a "static partaking in the spiritual being of Christ, but as the real co-experiencing of His dying and rising again". He had pondered the meaning of the parable of Dives and Lazarus and its application to his times, and he had concluded that I will not enumerate all the crimes that have been committed under the pretext of justice. They ranged from leprosy, dysentery, elephantiasis, sleeping sickness, malaria, yellow fever, to wounds incurred by encounters. Albert Schweitzer was born at Kaystersberg, Haute Alsace (now Haut-Rhin), Jan. 14, 1875, just two months after Germany had annexed the province from war-prostrate France. "[40], In The Mysticism of Paul the Apostle, Schweitzer first distinguishes between two categories of mysticism: primitive and developed. Albert Schweitzer born The theologian, musician, philosopher and Nobel Prize-winning physician Albert Schweitzer is born on January 14, 1875 in Upper-Alsace, Germany (now Haut-Rhin, France).. Schweitzer considered his work as a medical missionary in Africa to be his response to Jesus' call to become "fishers of men". ", "The Jesus of Nazareth . A Lutheran, Schweitzer challenged both the secular view of Jesus as depicted by historical-critical methodology current at this time, as well as the traditional Christian view. to the church to play Bach. Albert Schweitzer. It resides in their vault today in deteriorating condition. Schweitzer's university life was interrupted by a year of compulsory military service in 1894, a period that proved crucial to his religious thinking and to his life's vocation. In 1898, he returned to Paris to write a PhD dissertation on The Religious Philosophy of Kant at the Sorbonne, and to study in earnest with Widor. Exposition and Criticism[52]). Schweitzer wrote, "True philosophy must start from the most immediate and comprehensive fact of consciousness, and this may be formulated as follows: 'I am life which wills to live, and I exist in the midst of life which wills to live. The latter activity resulted in several volumes over the years that made his reputation as a major, albeit somewhat controversial, theologian. [19] The result was two volumes (J. S. Bach), which were published in 1908 and translated into English by Ernest Newman in 1911. The living conditions, too, were horrid with makeshift huts for shelter and medical care, hot, steamy tropical days, cold nights, and huge gusts of wind and rainfall. Birthplace: Kaysersberg, Germany Location of death: Lambarn, Gabon Cause of death: Natural Causes Remains: Buried, Albert. A complex man, to be sure, but his humanitarianism did affect the lives of many patients in desperate need of attention and, for the most part, he positively influenced the world in which he inhabited. Babies, even in the leper enclave, dropped toys into the dust of the unpaved streets and then popped them into their mouths. 2. Amid a hail of protests from his friends, family and colleagues, he resigned his post and re-entered the university as a student in a three-year course towards the degree of Doctorate in Medicine, a subject in which he had little knowledge or previous aptitude. Albert Schweitzer (n. 14 ianuarie 1875, Kaysersberg, Alsacia - d. 4 septembrie 1965, Lambarn, Gabon) a fost un medic misionar, teolog protestant, muzician i filozof german . The grave, on the banks of the Ogooue River, is marked by a cross he made himself. The maladies the Schweitzers treated were both horrific and deadly. Gradually his opinions and concepts became acknowledged, not only in Europe, but worldwide. Even so, Schweitzer found many instances in world religions and philosophies in which the principle was denied, not least in the European Middle Ages, and in the Indian Brahminic philosophy. Meantime, as these beliefs were maturing in Schweitzer's mind, he continued his student life at Strasbourg and fixed with great precision the course of his future. Also like Goethe, on whose life and works he was expert, Schweitzer came near to being a comprehensive man. The moment of awakening came as he was reading Matthew x and xi He locates Paul between the two extremes of primitive mysticism and developed mysticism. He took to playing the organ as soon as he was big enough to reach the pedals and amazed all who listened to him. newsletter for analysis you wont find anywhereelse. The following year, 1906, (and despite pleas from his family to pursue his religious studies) a 31-year-old Albert began medical school. the right choices. As Schweitzer recounted this climactic incident, he had been baffled in getting an answer to the question: Is it at all possible to find a real and permanent foundation in thought for a theory of the universe that shall be both ethical and affirmative Schweitzer maintained that the life of Jesus must be interpreted in the light of Jesus' own convictions, which reflected late Jewish eschatology and apocalypticism. Paul's imminent eschatology (from his background in Jewish eschatology) causes him to believe that the kingdom of God has not yet come and that Christians are now living in the time of Christ. Albert Schweitzer was born in a small town in France in 1875 and he passed away in Gabon, Africa in 1965 after a rich and illustrious career. A jungle saint he may not have been; a jungle pioneer he surely was. This house is now maintained as a Schweitzer museum.[78]. Ara Paul Barsam (2002) "Albert Schweitzer, jainism and reverence for life" in: Albert Schweitzer and Charles Rhind Joy (1947). And this ethic, profound, universal, has the significance of a religion. Albert Schweitzer. If you love what you are doing, you will be successful. Rather, Paul uses the phrase "being-in-Christ" to illustrate how Jesus is a mediator between the Christian community and God. His Interpreters," published in English in 1912. Today marks the 141st birthday of Dr. Albert Schweitzer (1875-1965). Nearly 150 of these Schweitzer Fellows have served at the Hospital in Lambarn, for three-month periods during their last year of medical school. The waiting room and dormitory were built, like native huts, of unhewn logs along a path leadingl to the boat landing. By 1920, his health recovering, he was giving organ recitals and doing other fund-raising work to repay borrowings and raise funds for returning to Gabon. Indeed, he was a true polymath. Here is all you want to know, and more! Ethics themselves proceed from the need to respect the wish of other beings to exist as one does towards oneself. He received the 1952 Nobel Peace Prize for his philosophy of "Reverence for Life", which states that the only thing we are really sure of is that we live and want to go on living. Humanitarian and theologian. Astounding plans e'en now are brewing: A Lutheran minister, Schweitzer challenged both the secular view of Jesus as depicted by the historical-critical method current at this time, as well as the traditional Christian view. He was known especially for founding the Schweitzer Hospital, which provided unprecedented medical care for the natives of Lambarn in Gabon. With theological insight, he interpreted the use of pictorial and symbolical representation in J. S. Bach's religious music. : "I see in him one of the most eminent geniuses in the history of medicine. Two physicians had arrived from Europe, and to them and to two nurses he turned over all medical responsibilities for a year and a half while he supervised (and helped) to fell trees, clear ground and construct buildings. As such, and as a Lutheran, "it is precisely to the chorale He made the Africans too lazy to pick them chief force of the famous hospital at Lambarene, in Gabon, the former French Equatorial Africa. From the first, when Schweitzer's hospital was a broken-down hen coop, natives flocked by foot, by improvised stretcher, by dugout canoe to Lambarene for medical attention. Once, for instance, he all but halted the station's work when he received a letter from a Norwegian child seeking a feather from Parsifal, his pet pelican. the end came; at first Jesus believed that his Messianic reign would begin before his disciples returned from the teaching mission commanded of them in the Gospel according to St. Matthew. According to some authors, Schweitzer's thought, and specifically his development of reverence for life, was influenced by Indian religious thought and in particular the Jain principle of ahimsa, or non-violence. Noisome animals wandered in and Man's ultimate redemption through beneficent activity--the theme of Part II of Goethe's "Faust," a metaphysical poem much admired by Albert Schweitzer--threads through this extraordinary man's long, complex and sometimes curious [85][86][87] Schweitzer was not a vegetarian in his earlier life. Schweitzer writes: The Jesus of Nazareth who came forward publicly as the Messiah, who preached the ethic of the kingdom of God, who founded the kingdom of heaven upon earth and died to give his work its final consecration never existed. [6] The tiny village would become home to the Association Internationale Albert Schweitzer (AIAS). Preface: Albert Schweitzer, a European scholar and musician, dedicated fifty years of his life to the hospital he had built to ease the suffering of an, at that time, primitive African people. Biography - A Short Wiki "In reality, that which is eternal in the words of Jesus is due to the very fact that they are based on an eschatological world-view, and contain the expression of a mind its creature comforts yet rejecting its complacent attitudes toward progress. Throughout his lifetime, he was presented various accolades, including The Nobel Peace Prize and the Goethe Prize. He received the 1952 Nobel Peace Prize for his philosophy of "Reverence for Life",[3] becoming the eighth Frenchman to be awarded that prize. [69] By comparison, his English contemporary Albert Ruskin Cook in Uganda had been training nurses and midwives since the 1910s, and had published a manual of midwifery in the local language of Luganda. Now, without context, it seems that Albert Schweitzer rejects the whole project of historical Jesus research. Everything was heavily decayed, and building and doctoring progressed together for months. Widely honored with degrees, citations, scrolls, medals, special stamps, even the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1952, he seemed oblivious to panoply. "[81], Weeks prior to his death, an American film crew was allowed to visit Schweitzer and Drs. [89] In contrast to this, historian David N. Stamos has written that Schweitzer was not a vegetarian in his personal life nor imposed it on his missionary hospital but he did help animals and was opposed to hunting. Dr. Albert Schweitzer who renounced fame and fortune as a musician 43 years ago - and who is on a visit to London - went to the Royal festival Hall yesterday - where he tried out the festival organ which he said ''She is magnificent - she is beautiful''. Hundreds flocked to hear him and to importune him. Albert Schweitzer. The Schweitzers had their own bungalow and employed as their assistant Joseph, a French-speaking Galoa[clarification needed] (Mpongwe), who first came to Lambarn as a patient.[57][58]. Kaysersberg ( Alsace-Lorraine, German Empire) Ludwig Philipp Albert Schweitzer. Three more, to contain the Chorale Preludes with Schweitzer's analyses, were to be worked on in Africa, but these were never completed, perhaps because for him they were inseparable from his evolving theological thought.[27]. Albert Schweitzer is best known as a great humanitarian because of the fact that he spent his life from age 40 until his death in Africa as a medical doctor at Lambgarence. Although unacceptable in todays culture, Dr. Schweitzers comments about those he treated were, sadly, all too common during his era, one marked by colonialism, paternalism and racist views. His name and legacy continue to live on around the world. 1 in E major; no. After his wife died in 1957, Schweitzer was almost continuously in Lambarene. designed by rationalism, endowed with life by liberalism and clothed by modern theology in an historical garb.". for his altruism, reverence for life, and tireless humanitarian work which has helped making the idea of brotherhood between men and nations a living one (English) (Revelation 22:20). He was made an honorary member of the British Order of Merit in 1955. East European Jewish Immigrants and the New York City Epidemics of 1892, When Germs Travel: Six Major Epidemics That Have Invaded America Since 1900 and the Fears They Have Unleashed and An Anatomy of Addiction: Sigmund Freud, William Halsted, and the Miracle Drug Cocaine., Left: A developed form of mysticism is attained when the "conception of the universal is reached and a man reflects upon his relation to the totality of being and to Being in itself". Widor, deeply impressed, agreed to teach Schweitzer without fee, and a great and influential friendship thus began. Her father, Charles Schweitzer, was the older brother of Albert Schweitzer's father, Louis Thophile. You see, the Good Lord has protected the trees. '"[67] Chinua Achebe has criticized him for this characterization, though Achebe acknowledges that Schweitzer's use of the word "brother" at all was, for a European of the early 20th century, an unusual expression of human solidarity between Europeans and Africans. He died at 11:30 P.M. (6:30 P.M. New York time). Additional medical staff, nurse (Miss) Kottmann and Dr. Victor Nessmann,[60] joined him in 1924, and Dr. Mark Lauterberg in 1925; the growing hospital was manned by native orderlies. a herd of hippopotamuses. He was the son of Louis Schweitzer and Adle Schillinger. However, human consciousness holds an awareness of, and sympathy for, the will of other beings to live.
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