Their numbers fell off during the Depression amid intensified immigration crackdowns, according to researchers. During the 1950's, the time that the Younger family was living in Chicago, whites and blacks were living completely separate lives and a majority of the blacks were living in poverty. Chicago is one of the most segregated cities in the United States. Shameless fans, you are welcome to come inside the gate and take pictures on the porch, a sign in front of the house reads. 7113 crossing back to the right-hand track would have involved the same procedure unless there was a common, wired, trailing crossover a couple of blocks further. While the elevated Chicago Loop is justly famous as a symbol of the city, the fascinating history of its subways is less well known. Todays photos have two things in common. Housing discrimination is still a significant problem in Chicago. Foursquare. The PCC is going to go northbound on Route 22 Clark-Wentworth. From the beginning, Chicagos demographic makeup was segregated by race and ethnicity along neighborhood boundaries and the physical features of the built and natural environment. . Burned in 1980s and in what was a real mindblower, the reporter on scene actually called it an old CTA facility. This is now the outdoor seating area for a restaurant. Why does every recent description and photo caption of the segment of the Cottage Grove line south of 95th St. talk about it paralleling the Metra Electric? PCCs were taken off Madison on December 13, 1953. The plan was ostensibly intended to decentralize Black poverty and relocate residents to mixed-income housing in integrated neighborhoods. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7213, the last streetcar to operate in Chicago, is on Western at 21st on July 16, 1951. The South Side has been home to some of the most significant figures in the history of American politics. From the Original Master Tapes Close to a third of Chicago neighborhoods were given a D grade and marked red on a mapthus, redlined. These areas, all of which were predominantly Black communities, were deemed undesirable, and residents from these neighborhoods were usually denied bank loans and insurance, severely limiting their housing prospects and mobility. In Chicago, most of the South and West sides have 40 to 60 percent of residents living below the poverty level. Your caption says this streetcar is on 77th St. No, it is on Vincennes Ave., in front of the 77th St. barn, heading north. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7156, sporting unusual yellow numbers, is on Western at Van Buren on August 13, 1954. The lack of such a track indicates that any Western car ending its run and heading to the 77th and Vincennes barn had to start at the 79th and Western terminal, go north on Western, then turn east on 69th. After Chicagos incorporation by Yankees in 1837, European immigrants flocked to the city through the early 1900s; Irish, Jewish, Polish, German, Italian, Czech/Bohemian, Swedish, and Lithuanian immigrants among them. (Wien-Criss Archive). 07. It is such a same they did not have the foresight to keep these lines going. They lived around Halsted ave. White flight caused redlining as the community was now at almost 90% black by 1960. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 640 is running under the L on Halsted at 63rd Place on May 25, 1954. Chicagos position as the hub of a vast railroad system enabled a bustling industrial economy that was teeming with job opportunities in its stockyards, factories, and steel mills. Constructed over alleys through the South side, the Alley "'L" opened for regular service on June 6, 1892. . 01. Chicagos suburbs, Indiana, and other Midwestern states are popular destinations for Black residents. The unrest in Chicago led to eleven deaths and over a hundred destroyed buildings. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 4238 is southbound on Wabash, crossing the Chicago River. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA PCC 4108 is northbound at Kinzie Street. While Chicago Housing Authority was right on target for claiming the programs of urban redevelopment, urban renewal and public housing which . Racially restrictive covenants were also common in the Chicago area, as in the rest of the country. (Wien-Criss Archive), The conductor of CTA 7156 is throwing a track switch at Western and Archer on November 17, 1954. # of Discs- 3 Sixty-three percent of the time, Black testers posing as potential renters holding CHA Housing Choice Vouchers experienced some form of discrimination. I remember old Chicago trolley buses from when I was a little girl. There are different types of segregation beyond the Black-white binary that normally, and rightfully, comes to mind. (Wien-Criss Archive), Passengers are getting off northbound CTA 7192 at Western and Van Buren on October 10, 1952. Pullman post-war PCCs did not disappear in one fell swoop. In the mid-1950's Chicago suffered its first post industrial crisis as the major meatpacking companies began to close their production facilities. The suburban bus company had two routes into Englewood one north along Western, then east on 63rd (this was the Harvey bus), the other north along Halsted St. from the south (this was the Chicago Heights bus). (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA PCCs 4103 and 4076 pass each other while crossing the Chicago River on Madison Street. Potomac Edison (Hagerstown & Frederick), Capital Transit, Altoona & Logan Valley, Shaker Heights Rapid Transit, Pennsylvania Railroad, Illinois Terminal, Baltimore Transit, Niagara St. Catharines & Toronto, St. Louis Public Transit, Queensboro Bridge, Third Avenue El, Southern Iowa Railway, IND Subway (NYC), Johnstown Traction, Cincinnati Street Railway, and the Toledo & Eastern 1454 S Michigan Ave, Chicago, IL 60605. The expressway was originally called the South Route. A man walks down Clark Street in Chicago in 1940. Chicago in the 1950s - The Trolley Dodger Chicago in the 1950s October 29, 2019 15 Comments You would be forgiven for not recognizing this location, but that's the Western Avenue station on the Humboldt Park "L", just north of North Avenue. Halsted cars ended their runs at 63rd. What is the South Side of Chicago called? 04. I LOVE this article! Another 537 were injured, more than half of whom were Black. This corresponds to the white on dark green format of the 54 Illinois plates. Streetcars were on rails, so they could maintain such clearances. 05. Public housing was intended to house a mix of working-class and poor families and was welcomed and enjoyed by new residents, according to early testimonies. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7160, viewed from the Douglas Park L (todays Pink Line), is operating on Western at 21st on June 15, 1955. There were 679 murders and . During the 1950s, Puerto Ricans began to arrive in the city of Chicago. Nob-Hill Club 5228 Lake Park Avenue 1950's Lefty Bates CD Oct. 10, 1953; Ben Webster and Miles Davis CD Dec. 5, 1953 Rockefeller Memorial Chapel, University of Chicago 1156 E 59th Street Duke Ellington Sacred Concerts, CD Sept. 25, 1967 St. Thomas the Apostle Church, 55th and Kimbark Count Basie, CD Jan. 22, 1975 Western/Berwyn canopies lasted a long time, into late 80s, before they rusted off at the ground! A 1920s map by sociologist Frederic M. Thrasher placed the Polish and Bohemian enclaves throughout the entire West Side, including the Lower West Side near Halsted Street; Germans occupied the northern lakefront, with Jewish people settling north of Madison Street and also along the southern lakefront. (Wien-Criss Archive), An unidentified CTA red car is on Halsted at 63rd Street on September 16, 1953. This is our 241st post, and we are gradually creating a body of work and an online resource for the benefit of all railfans, everywhere. 07. 18. Chicago Skyline Downtown Chicago Chicago Restaurants Chicago Illinois Chicago Area Chicago City White Castle Restaurant White Castle Hamburgers South Side Chicago The highest ratio of discriminatory acts to race-related tests occurred in the Near North Side neighborhood, where over half of the tests involved race discrimination, the Chicago Commission on Human Relations and the Chicago Lawyers Committee found. People wait for a streetcar in downtown Chicago. 2023 2022 South Side Weekly. The South Side experienced a population shift during the move to suburbs following World War II. Located on the south side of Chicago, Bronzeville became an established neighborhood around the turn of the twentieth century. Much of the promised housing failed to materialize, and its uncertain whether the CHA will ever build new housing for the 40,000 families currently on their waiting lists. https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic558.jpg An Irish mainstay, Kelly's is one of the oldest family-owned pubs in Chicago, opening just after Prohibition was repealed and the alcohol flowed freely again. For Shipping Elsewhere: (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7284 is on Western at the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal on October 8, 1953. Southside of Chicago Capital of Black America By Carla Punla Suffered its first postindustrial crisis as the meatpacking industries began to close Robert Taylor Homes was known to be the largest housing project. 09. Open in Google Maps Foursquare 1312 W 111th St, Chicago, IL 60643 (773) 238-7171 homeofthehoagy 1,461. Greg Nye. Our resident South side history expert M. E. writes: I have a lot of comments about your latest post #241. 4:00 Master Unit car #74, August 8, 1953 This pattern ran from 107th St. north to the Rock Island suburban line viaduct at 89th St., at which point the streetcar tracks rejoined Vincennes Ave. to go under the viaduct. Technology advances enter the classroom and Chicago schools now have projectors, microscopes and early computer kits. 12:40 Car #202 (ex-1202), between Springfield and Decatur, February 1955 Black communities bore the brunt of the closings of fifty-plus Chicago Public Schools that were shuttered during former Mayor Rahm Emanuels administration. 5:02 Streamliner #300, northward from Edwardsville, February 14, 1955 From the 1910s to the 1920s, thousands of Mexicans were recruited by industrial contractors to work seasonally in the Midwest, in some cases as strikebreakers in the steel mills. Chicago Park District - Marquette Park Bridge over the lagoon--east side of the park. Those canopies were short-lived after the end of streetcar service, as buses eventually ran into them. 02. Disc Two 3:32 Box motor #5, May 24, 1953 The original objective was to treat basic illness and to train nurses and interns. By 1964 most of the large packers had disappeared. Native American tribesthe Potawatomi, Odawa, Sauk, Ojibwe, Illinois, Kickapoo, Miami, Mascouten, Wea, Delaware, Winnebago, Menominee, and Mesquakiewere forced out of what is now Chicago by early French and British settlers. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7157 is northbound on Western at 67th on June 15, 1955. Chicago, Illinois, December 17, 1938 Secretary Harold Ickes, left, and Mayor Edward J. Kelly turn the first spadeful of earth to start the new $40,000,000 subway project. The Civic Opera House is to the left. Median income and employment plummeted, and L ridership fell. He would later say, I have been in the Civil Rights Movement for many years all through the South, but I have never seen not even in Alabama or Louisianamobs as hostile and hateful as this crowd. The Fair Housing Act was passed in 1968. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7037 is on Western at the Chicago River on June 10, 1956. March 20, 2019. I lived in Portland, OR for 6 years and they still have street cars. The area is on the south side of the city. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 4050 is southbound on Western at the Douglas Park L on November 11, 1955. This meant that what was once the Black Belt saw many of their upwardly mobile residents leave public housing and the immediate area. 143 followers . Immigrants typically lived in inadequate housing near railroads and industryin bunk houses, boxcars, and section houses. A community can be described as a collection of individuals who share a common location or trait.People who live in the same neighborhood, work at the same company, or attend the same school together are . Since 1950, there have been 271 tornadoes recorded across . Another clue that helps pinpoint the date is the light lettering on dark background seen on license plates in this image. During street car years, the Illinois Central RR owned the entire embankment. The discriminatory practice known as redlining was a color-coded classification system implemented by the Federal Housing Administration that determined the value of housing based on the racial demographics of a neighborhood. Type in the name of your neighborhood or select one from the list below. RRCNSLR (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7042, in the distance, is about to clear a temporary switch so that the car on the right can cross over to that side during track work. Where to begin? And we thank you for sharing this helpful bit of history! Here are some shots around Illinois during the 1950s. Contract-buying schemes during the 1950s and 1960s cost Black families between $3 billion and $4 billion, according to "The Plunder of Black Wealth in Chicago: New Findings on the Lasting Toll of Predatory Housing Contracts," published in 2019 by the Samuel DuBois Cook Center on Social Equity at Duke University and the Nathalie P. Voorhees Center Capital Transit: (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA PCC 7057, a product of the St. Louis Car Company, is at Waveland and Halsted, the north end of Route 8. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 248 is at Crosby and Larrabee on May 17, 1954. The first waves of Black migrants fleeing the Jim Crow South were relegated to a vertical strip of land near Lake Michigan. (David Sadowski Photo). 1954 There are pictures on my blog, and also in my book Chicagos Lost Ls. This was later the end of the line for the Wentworth half of the line, between 1957 and 1958, when buses replaced streetcars north of here. [/caption], RRC-OMTT In those days, the fastest way from the south side to the Loop was the Englewood L, which ended at 63rd Place and Loomis (1400 W.) And of course the Englewood business district was very prosperous. John White/U.S. Look at this classic car in Rockford back in 1956. https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic512.jpg, https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic530.jpg, https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic534.jpg, https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic535.jpg, https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic544.jpg, https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic555.jpg, https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic558.jpg, https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic556.jpg, https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic566.jpg, https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic568.jpg, https://www.google.com/maps/@41.7788385,-87.6447587,3a,75y,3.14h,91.82t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sYcGafc7OK9fQ0w712doa2A!2e0!7i16384!8i8192, https://chicagology.com/wp-content/themes/revolution-20/century/194063rdhalsted.jpg. At this stage, it appears the Western Avenue bridge over the Congress Expressway was not yet finished, as the streetcar (and auto traffic) are using a shoo-fly. Not quite CSL sold it in 1920s, but amazingly close! Rockwell is 2600 West. With all the different types of people Chicago attracted at this time, the entertainment industry became a powerful force to be reckoned with. 16:26 sounds recorded on board a PCC (early 1950s) A bit of detail on photos (pic571.jpg & pic572.jpg) at 71st & Western, the temporary facing crossover was installed without a corresponding crossover overhead wire. One comment, the photo of CTA 687 is at Division and Crosby, not Larrabee. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. As always, if you have any information to share about these pictures, or simply have a question or comment, do not hesitate to let us know. Seen as one of the most massive internal movements in United States history, it was an era that sparked the Harlem Renaissance . Death of an Interurban Many thousands gathered to celebrate the starting of work on the subway. The price of $23.99 includes shipping within the United States. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7253 is on Western at Leland (by the Ravenswood L, now the Brown Line) on June 10, 1956. Women approach a news stand in Chicago in 1940. Chicago, city, seat of Cook county, northeastern Illinois, U.S. With a population hovering near three million, Chicago is the state's largest and the country's third most populous city. Over the last century, an array of political and cultural forces have created clear lines of division between racial groups. 2008- University of Michigan launch a study Moving Towards Opportunity. Later, this hotbed of activity attracted rural migrant workers from places such as Mexico, Puerto Rico, and the southern United Statesfrom which racist discrimination and violence drove more than 500,000 Black Americans to Chicago. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7123 on Western at 66th on July 9, 1950. A more detailed 1950s map showcases crowded clusters of Irish, Italian, and smaller ethnic groups establishing new communities across the city. 4:17 Car 306 (ex-AE&FRE), September 27, 1953 It should be taught in school. ?etc It truly is a phenomenal resource, not only for those interested in transit history, but also for anyone researching Chicago or Twentieth Century urban life. Chicago Hoods: West Side. The construction of the Dan Ryan Expressway in the 60s further othered the Street State corridor. That would be the old Paulina L that ran to Logan Square and Humboldt Park from 1895 to 1951. #534 looks south on Halsted from the (A line) L station, note the curved pull-offs of the overhead which is well defined along with the curves corresponding track which converges into the south bound track in view #536. Illinois Terminal: (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7039 is at Western and 71st on August 12, 1955. Altoona & Logan Valley/Johnstown Traction: The introduction to Polk's Chicago Directory 1923 provides a brief history of Chicago directories and a list of published volumes. During the 1940s Mercury Records was founded from a Chicago base and emerged as a viable rival to the established major companies. 11. Geographically, it is the largest of the three Sides of the city that radiate from downtown-the other Sides of the city being the North Side and the West Side.South Side, Chicago. St. Louis Public Service: https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic566.jpg (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA PCC 4108 is westbound on Madison at the Chicago River, running on the Madison-Fifth branch of Route 20. Potomac Edison (Hagerstown & Frederick): I was born on the south side then raised in Logan Square. HOUSING SEGREGATION IN 1950S SOUTH SIDE CHICAGO Already experiencing a population boom after Reconstruction, Chicago was a popular destination for African Americans moving from the South to the North in the early 20th century. 14. Press ESC to cancel. The stores from left to right are: S S Kresge, on the southwest corner; The Ace department store on the northwest corner; and Sears Roebuck, the huge building on the northeast corner (with a Hillmans grocery in the basement). 04. Yusay beer stands out on a lot of the photos. This picture is the reverse direction, looking north from the westbound platform of the Englewood L at Halsted. Beneath this L platform, along 63rd Place, were streetcar tracks for Halsted cars that ended at 63rd St., as well as curb space for the two suburban bus companies, South Suburban Safeway Lines and Suburban Transit System. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 153 is northbound at Halsted and Congress on October 5, 1953. Images of America 4. (Wien-Criss Archive), PCC meets PCC in this famous Bill Hoffman photo, showing CTA PCC streetcar 4373 on Western Avenue, while a Garfield Park L train crosses on Van Buren temporary trackage. Tens of thousands of Black residents are also leaving their traditional South and West side neighborhoods in recent years, as has been extensively reported, in what some are calling an outmigration or a reverse migration. The citys Black population peaked in the mid-twentieth century and is now at its lowest level since then, with 787,551 Black residents as of 2020.
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