public broadcasting in the united states quizlet public broadcasting in the united states quizlet

However, federal law prohibits fraud by wire, radio or television including situations in which money solicited for one purpose is used for another and doing so may lead to FCC sanctions, as well as to criminal prosecution by the U.S. Department of Justice. Numbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World, Broad agreement in U.S. even among partisans on which news outlets are part of the mainstream media, How Americans Navigated the News in 2020: A Tumultuous Year in Review, Measuring News Consumption in a Digital Era, Americans main sources for political news vary by party and age, U.S. Media Polarization and the 2020 Election: A Nation Divided, All stations (member and nonmember) airing NPR programming. Acceptable enhanced underwriting acknowledgements of for-profit donors or underwriters may include: (1) logograms and slogans that identify but do not promote; (2) location information; (3) value-neutral descriptions of a product line or service; and (4) brand names, trade names, and product service listings. PBS operates three such networks: PBS Kids, a network featuring children's programs aired on the main PBS feed's daytime schedule; PBS HD Channel, a dedicated feed consisting of high-definition content; and the PBS Satellite Service, a full-time alternate feed of programming selected from the main PBS service, which is also carried on some member stations as an overnight programming feed. When filing these types of applications, the applicant is required to publish a series of notices, generally in a local newspaper, containing information similar to that noted above regarding renewal applications. Which of the following is an example of a public broadcasting organization Public Broadcasting in the United States accounts for a much smaller share of the media market than in other Western democracies, such as France, Germany, and Denmark. It enables parents to identify programming containing sexual, violent, or other content that they believe may be harmful to their children. The financial picture for news outlets in public broadcasting appeared strong both locally and nationally. In 2020, 927 stations were airing programming from PRX, roughly the same as in 2019. The items required to be in a stations public file, the rule section requiring the filing, and the retention period for each item are listed below. The Commission has determined that these childrens programming commercial limits apply to programs originally produced and broadcast for an audience of children 12 years old and under; and). Silhouette images from motion picture films were broadcast to the general public on a regular basis, at a resolution of just 48 lines. Phone: (202) 418-1600 Records Concerning Children's Programming Commercial Limits Stations in this era were internally funded, and did not rely on listener contributions to operate; some accepted advertising. To assist us in this evaluative process, a station licensee must file a renewal application (FCC Form 303-S), to tell us whether: Digital Television. The FCC also requires television stations to make the local emergency information that they provide to viewers accessible to persons with disabilities. It thus has a certain flexibility in a time of great change. With respect to the display of Internet website addresses during childrens programming, the Commission permits them to be displayed during program material (in a crawl or scroll at the bottom of the screen, for example) only if the website: 1) offers a substantial amount of bona fide program-related or other noncommercial content; 2) is not primarily intended for commercial purposes, including either e-commerce or advertising; 3) the websites home page and other menu pages are clearly labeled to distinguish the noncommercial from the commercial sections; and 4) the page of the website to which viewers are directed by the website address is not used for e-commerce, advertising, or other commercial purposes (e.g., contains no links labeled store and no links to another page with commercial material). Facts of the case. Pacifica runs other stations in Los Angeles, New York City, Washington, D.C. and Houston, as well as repeater stations and a large network of affiliates. Violent Programming. Because you watch and listen to the stations that we license, you can be a valuable and effective advocate. With the exception of a few secondary or tertiary stations in certain major and mid-sized cities that rely entirely on syndicated content from American Public Television and other distributors, the vast majority of public television stations in the U.S. are member outlets of PBS. Broadcasters are required to upload only those items required to be in the public file but not otherwise filed with the Commission or available in a Commission database. In international affairs, conservation has come to mean support for military intervention and the maintenance of American military power. Comments to Stations and Networks. Through its review of television broadcast license renewal applications, the Commission must consider whether television licensees have served the educational and informational needs of children through the licensees overall programming, including programming specifically designed to serve such needs.. Additional information about false or misleading advertising can be found at https://www.fcc.gov/consumers/guides/complaints-about-broadcast-advertising. The NPR One app, which offers a stream of individual shows and podcasts, had a similar average number of total completed sessions in 2020 as in 2019, depending upon the device. The sponsorship identification requirements contained in the Communications Act and the Commissions rules generally require that, when money or other consideration for the airing of program material has been received by or promised to a station, its employees or others, the station must broadcast full disclosure of that fact at the time of the airing of the material, and identify who provided or promised to provide the consideration. Except as required by the Communications Act, including the use of stations by candidates for public office, licensees have no obligation to allow any particular person or group to participate in a broadcast or to present that person or groups remarks. Houston's KUHT was the nation's first public television station, and signed on the air on May 25, 1953 from the campus of the University of Houston. In addition, NCE stations may receive contributions from for-profit entities and are permitted to acknowledge these contributions or underwriting donations with announcements naming and generally describing the contributing party or donor. The act established a CPB governing board to be appointed by the president of the United States and confirmed by the U.S. Senate. Political Broadcasting: Candidates for Public Office. An informed and actively engaged public plays a vital role in helping each station to operate appropriately in serving the needs of its local community. The term public opinion is used to describe. Additional information about the Commissions Offices and Bureaus, including their respective functions, can be found on our website by selecting Browse by Bureaus and Offices at https://www.fcc.gov/. Petitions to deny the application must be filed by the first day of the last full calendar month before the expiring license term. PBS and public independent stations also produce programs of local interest, including local newscasts and/or newsmagazines, public affairs shows, documentaries, and in some areas, gavel-to-gavel coverage of state legislative proceedings. Offensive Advertising. the National Public Radio (NPR) Privately owned media companies in the United States earn most of their revenue from The FCC and Freedom of Speech. An average person, applying contemporary community standards, must find that the material, as a whole, appeals to the prurient interest; The material must depict or describe, in a patently offensive way, sexual conduct specifically defined by applicable law; and. Most communities also have public-access television channels on local cable television systems, which are generally paid for by cable television franchise fees and sometimes supported in part through citizen donations. [5][6][7], Early public stations were operated by state colleges and universities, and were often run as part of the schools' cooperative extension services. Programming AccessBroadcast Programming: Law and Policy on Specific Kinds of Programming Children's Television Programming This fact sheet was compiled by Senior Researcher Michael Barthel and Research Assistant Kirsten Worden. Additional information about the audio description requirements can be found on our website at https://www.fcc.gov/consumers/guides/audio-description. Low power television and television translator stations were required to complete their transition to digital by July 31, 2021. The Public Broadcasting Act of 1967 chartered a new national, but theoretically nongovernmental, agencythe Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB). cookie run: kingdom apk 2022 . On the television side, NewsHour derives its revenue from a variety of sources, including PBS, the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB) and a mix of nonpublic streams such as corporations, individual giving and foundations. Should you have questions about how to do so, including inquiries about our complaint or petitioning procedures -or the filing and status of the license renewal, modification or assignment or transfer application for a particular station -- you can contact one of our Broadcast Information Specialists by calling or sending an e-mail as follows: If your question relates to a radio station: Federal law prohibits the broadcast of advertisements for a lottery or information concerning a lottery. Individuals and groups can often resolve problems with stations at the local level. We have created contact points at the Commission, accessible via toll-free telephone numbers or over the Internet, dedicated to providing information to members of the public regarding how they can become involved in the Commissions processes. The reconciliation information need not be placed in the file, immediately, but the broadcaster must identify a person or persons at the station capable of informing an advertiser of the details of any reconciliation information. As stated above, we encourage you to first contact the station or network directly about programming and operating issues. Information and translations of public broadcasting in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. This Manual is published by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), the federal agency directed by Congress to regulate broadcasting. However, the advertising of smoking accessories, cigars, pipes, pipe tobacco, or cigarette-making machines is not prohibited. The fact that Americans strongly support minimal governmental interference with individuals' lives and properties illustrates their commitment to ________ is the most important core value of liberalism _________ is the core political value MOST highly prioritized by American conservatives Liberalism and conservatism are examples of. (+1) 202-857-8562 | Fax Apparatus Requirements for Emergency Information and Video Description The Public and Broadcasting Manual This network which replaced the Ford Foundation-backed National Educational Radio Network is colloquially though inaccurately conflated with public radio as a whole, when in fact "public radio" includes many organizations. Local Public Notice Announcements D. All securities in an efficient market are zero net present value investments. Time Brokerage Agreements The FCCs Structure and the Media Bureau. Lotteries conducted as a promotional activity by commercial organizations that are clearly occasional and ancillary to the primary business of that organization, as long as the lotteries are authorized or not otherwise prohibited by the state in which they are conducted. As discussed further in this Manual, broadcast licensees must periodically make available detailed information about the programming they air to meet the needs and problems of their communities, which can be found in each stations public file. There are three applications of this separation principle: 1) bumpers between program and advertising content (e.g., and now for a commercial break); 2) the host selling policy, which prohibits the use of program talent to deliver commercials; and 3) program-length commercials (PLC), which the Commission defines as a program associated with a product in which commercials for that product are aired (when a PLC occurs, then the entire program is considered a commercial). The ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) established the "separate but equal" rule. The Constitutions protection of free speech includes programming that may be objectionable to many viewers or listeners. The FCC allocates a portion of the broadcast spectrum to new broadcast stations based upon both the relative needs of various communities for additional broadcast outlets, and specified engineering standards designed to prevent interference among stations and other communications users. Host Selling In the United States, freedom of the press is protected by All of the following are important roles for the media in American Democracy EXCEPT enabling privately owned companies to advertise their products to the public. You can also participate in the application process by filing a petition to deny when someone applies for a new station, when a station is being sold (technically called an assignment of the licensee), when its licensee is undergoing a major transfer of stock or other ownership or control (technically called a transfer of control), or the station proposes major facility changes. Which U.S. president ushered in the tax revolt and the deregulation of many government policies in the 1980's? Licensee Discretion. The FCC also approved digital operation for AM and FM radio broadcast stations (HD radio). Relying upon the reasoning in that decision, the FCC and the United States Department of Justice later concluded that the lottery advertising prohibition may not constitutionally be applied to the broadcast of any truthful advertisements for lawful casino gambling, whether or not the state in which the broadcasting station is located permits casino gambling. In response to the Civil Rights Act of 1875, the Supreme Court. You can find links to our rules on the Commission website at https://www.fcc.gov/wireless/bureau-divisions/technologies-systems-and-innovation-division/rules-regulations-title-47. public broadcasting in the united states quizlet. It is not necessary to retain any of the materials relating to the negotiation between the parties to reach the disposition. Host Selling. It is the world's oldest listener-supported radio network. (1) The Corporation for Public Broadcasting shall have a Board of Directors (hereinafter in this section referred to as the "Board"), consisting of 9 members appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. Indecent and profane content are prohibited on broadcast TV and radio between 6 a.m. and 10 p.m., when there is a reasonable risk that children may be in the audience. Phone: (20) 418-2700 If you feel the need to do so, we encourage you to write directly to station management or to network officials to comment on their broadcast service. Closed captioning is a technology designed to provide access to television programming by persons with hearing disabilities by displaying, in text form, the audio portion of a broadcast, as well as descriptions of background noise and sound effects. PBS provides its member stations with programming in cultural, educational, and scientific areas, in children's fare, and in news and public affairs but does not itself produce programs; the programs are produced by the member stations, independent producers, and other program producers worldwide.